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Minnesota Attorney General Keith Ellison filed a consumer-protection lawsuit on October 23, 2026, accusing L’Oréal and related companies of marketing chemical hair relaxers for decades while allegedly concealing research linking the products to higher cancer risks. The case, filed in Hennepin County District Court, targets L’Oréal entities and SoftSheen-Carson over relaxer brands marketed to Black women and girls, including Dark and Lovely, Optimum, and Mizani. The consumer-protection lawsuit against L’Oréal and the Hennepin County complaint described in local reporting
The state alleges the companies violated Minnesota’s Prevention of Consumer Fraud Act, Uniform Deceptive Trade Practices Act, and False Statement in Advertising Act by promoting the products as safe, “healthy,” “gentle,” and “natural” without disclosing what Minnesota says was mounting scientific evidence of risk. According to the attorney general’s office, the lawsuit seeks restitution or disgorgement for consumers, civil penalties, and an injunction that could block continued sales without adequate warnings. The alleged violations of three Minnesota consumer-protection laws and the requested injunction, restitution, and civil penalties
Why This Case Matters Beyond Minnesota
This filing lands in the middle of a much larger national fight over hair-relaxer safety. Since early 2023, federal courts have been handling consolidated pretrial proceedings in Chicago under MDL No. 3060, formally titled In re: Hair Relaxer Marketing, Sales Practices, and Products Liability Litigation. The Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation centralized those cases after finding they shared factual questions about whether hair relaxer products contained phthalates or other endocrine-disrupting chemicals, whether those substances increased the risk of reproductive-system injuries, and what manufacturers knew about those risks. The federal hair-relaxer multidistrict litigation
That distinction matters. Minnesota’s case is not just another personal-injury suit. It is a state enforcement action framed around deceptive marketing and consumer fraud. In general terms, that gives the lawsuit a different posture from many private cases. Rather than focusing on one person’s diagnosis, the state is alleging a broader pattern of concealment and misleading advertising directed at consumers in Minnesota. Valley News Live noted that the complaint does not identify a specific Minnesota cancer patient; instead, it asks the court to determine whether state consumer-protection laws were violated. The state’s focus on consumer-protection claims rather than a single diagnosis
The Science At The Center Of The Complaint
Minnesota’s lawsuit leans heavily on epidemiological research, especially studies tied to the NIH’s Sister Study and the Black Women’s Health Study. One widely cited NIH-backed study reported that women who frequently used hair-straightening products faced a notably higher risk of uterine cancer, with researchers estimating the lifetime risk by age 70 rose from 1.64% for non-users to 4.05% for frequent users. The NIH study on higher uterine-cancer risk
The state also points to research suggesting a connection between frequent relaxer use and ovarian cancer. A 2021 study using Sister Study data found that women who frequently used straighteners, relaxers, or pressing products had about twice the risk of ovarian cancer compared with non-users. Another study in the Black Women’s Health Study reported elevated uterine-cancer risk among long-term users of hair relaxers, adding to the scientific backdrop behind the state’s claims. The Black Women’s Health Study on uterine-cancer risk
Minnesota’s complaint goes further, alleging the products contained carcinogens and endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as formaldehyde, 1,4-dioxane, and ethylene oxide. The multidistrict litigation order from 2023 similarly described allegations that various hair relaxer products contained phthalates and other endocrine-disrupting chemicals and raised common questions about what testing and post-market surveillance manufacturers performed. The allegations involving endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the MDL
Of course, lawsuits and studies are not the same thing. The studies identify associations, not automatic proof that a specific product caused a specific person’s cancer. That may become a major battleground, both in Minnesota and in the broader hair-relaxer litigation. An attorney evaluating one of these matters would likely look closely at product history, duration of use, medical records, expert evidence, and the difference between population-level risk and individual causation.
Why The Marketing Allegations Could Be So Important
One of the most striking parts of the Minnesota complaint is the allegation that relaxers were marketed using wellness-style language despite the alleged risks. The attorney general says L’Oréal continued describing the products as nourishing, strengthening, moisturizing, natural, and gentle even after research began raising cancer concerns. The state also alleges some marketing reached children, including the “Dark and Lovely Beautiful Beginnings” line noted in local coverage. The alleged “healthy,” “natural,” and child-directed marketing and the attorney general’s description of product-safety representations
That framing may resonate because consumer-fraud cases often turn on omission as much as on outright false statements. If a court concludes a company had a duty to disclose material safety information but failed to do so, the legal exposure can expand beyond traditional product-liability theories. Here, Minnesota is effectively arguing that the alleged harm was not limited to chemical composition alone; it was also embedded in how the products were branded, described, and sold.
The race and identity dimension of the case also stands out. The attorney general’s office says the products were marketed to women and girls of African descent, and the research cited in the lawsuit has drawn attention to the disproportionate impact these products may have on Black women, who have historically used chemical straighteners more often and at younger ages. The NIH noted that its uterine-cancer findings may be particularly relevant for Black women for that reason. The NIH’s discussion of why the findings may be especially relevant for Black women
What This May Mean For Consumers And Future Litigation
In practical terms, Minnesota’s lawsuit could add pressure on manufacturers in three ways.
First, it may create a new stream of discovery and public allegations outside the private MDL. State enforcement actions often bring added scrutiny because they are framed as protecting the public, not just compensating individual plaintiffs.
Second, the case may influence settlement dynamics in related private litigation. That does not guarantee any outcome, but a state attorney general’s complaint can change the public and legal landscape by sharpening focus on internal knowledge, warnings, and marketing practices.
Third, the suit may encourage more consumers to revisit whether their experiences fit into existing litigation. Some people may have used multiple brands over many years, which is one reason the federal panel said consolidated handling made sense. In the MDL transfer order, the panel noted that many plaintiffs had used different product lines over the course of their lives, creating overlapping factual questions across manufacturers. The panel’s discussion of multiple product lines and overlapping claims
For affected families, the legal questions can get technical very quickly. There may be issues involving statutes of limitation, proof of exposure, medical causation, brand identification, and whether claims sound in fraud, product liability, wrongful death, or consumer protection. In situations like this, people often look for attorneys with documented experience in highly-similar matters, because the overlap between science, mass-tort procedure, and state consumer law can be unusually dense.
What Affected Parties May Want To Consider
Anyone following this case may want to keep an eye on a few practical questions as it develops: whether Minnesota obtains early injunctive relief, whether more states bring similar actions, and whether the allegations in the state complaint overlap with evidence being developed in the federal MDL. People who used chemical relaxers over a long period of time may also want to gather basic records, such as product names, approximate years of use, salon history, receipts, photographs, and medical timelines, because those details often become central in product-exposure cases.
For people dealing with a cancer diagnosis while also trying to untangle years of product use, this news may feel personal very quickly. An attorney might help determine whether a person’s history aligns with an existing mass-tort filing, a state-law claim, or another path entirely. The key issue is often not just whether someone used a relaxer, but which products were involved, how often they were used, and what evidence exists to document that history.
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